The Scientific Lawyer: Nature Group Feed Digesthttp://app.feed.informer.com/digest3/ScientificLawyerNatureGroup.html Respective post owners and feed distributors http://feed.informer.com/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-793a Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-793a? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-793b Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-793b? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-794b Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-794b? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-797a Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-797a? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-797b Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-797b? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-806 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-806? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-796a Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-796a? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-794a Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-794a? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-795a Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-795a? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT One of the body's key defenders against infection—the activated macrophage—engulfs bacteria and destroys them with an acid cocktail inside lysosomes. Mycobacterium tuberculosis seems to have evolved a strategy to cope with this threat (pages 849–854). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-809 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-809? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-795b Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-795b? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-796b Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-796b? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT Women with pre-eclampsia, a potentially deadly complication of pregnancy, produce agonistic autoantibodies against angiotensin receptor-1, a transmembrane protein that regulates blood pressure. Findings in mice suggest how these antibodies might help trigger the condition (pages 855–862). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-810 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-810? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-889 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-889? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-807 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-807? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT This month, athletes from all over the world will gather in Beijing to compete for the gold. Some will win, some will lose and some will undoubtedly get injured. Cassandra Willyard explores the advances in biomedical research that might help get injured athletes back on the field faster in the future. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-802 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-802? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT A large multicenter study shows that lung adenocarcinomas have messenger RNA expression signatures that greatly add to the use of clinical data in predicting an individual's survival (pages 822–827). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-812 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-812? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT Critics of experimentation in nonhuman primates have used a variety of arguments to defend their views. Yet some of those arguments can be used to advocate the use of these animals in biomedical research. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-791 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-791? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-798 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-798? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT Representing some 8 million physicians from over 80 countries across the globe is no easy task, but Otmar Kloiber has handled this responsibility since 2005. As secretary general of the World Medical Association (WMA), Kloiber deals with a wide array of medical topics, ranging from drug-resistant tuberculosis to the ethics of organ transplantation. Founded shortly after World War II, the WMA is a voluntary consortium of national medical associations that fosters physician independence and promotes sound principles of medical care and ethics. Its widely recognized Declaration of Helsinki, an ethical framework designed to protect research subjects, just underwent a round of proposed edits to ensure better protection and greater rewards for research subjects. Kloiber explains the implications of these drafted changes, scheduled for final approval this fall, and the role of the WMA with Coco Ballantyne. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-800 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-800? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-814 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-814? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-816 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0808-816? Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:15 GMT Pushing biotech as the 'solution' to the world's problems is doing more harm than good. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-837 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-837? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-839 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-839? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-840 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-840? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-841 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-841? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-843 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-843? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-844 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-844? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-845a Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-845a? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-845b Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-845b? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-846a Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-846a? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-846b Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-846b? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-846c Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-846c? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-847a Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-847a? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-847b Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-847b? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-847c Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-847c? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT With Beijing 2008 in full swing, the World Anti-Doping Agency's Olivier Rabin is looking for help from the biotech and pharma industry in the battle against cheaters. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-849 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-849? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-850 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-850? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT Receiving only a fraction of the investment set aside for biofuels, biomaterials will likely have to piggyback on technological advances in energy production to compete with petroleum-based products in the marketplace. Emily Waltz reports. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-851 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-851? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-858 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-858? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-859 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-859? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-860 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-860? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-862 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-862? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-863 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-863? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-864 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-864? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT Off-label prescribing is a fundamental fact of life of healthcare systems, but the promotion of off-label uses by drug sponsors is a fundamental sin. Regulators, legislators and drug makers are wrestling to find the right balance. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-867 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-867? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT Are European patents really getting cheaper, and if so, what effect will this have on parallel or so-called gray imports? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-877 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-877? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-880 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-880? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT Global sequencing of cleaved mRNAs enables identification of the targets of microRNA silencing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-881 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-881? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT The genome sequence of the plant-parasitic roundworm Meloidogyne incognita opens new avenues to boosting food production. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-882 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-882? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT Near-uniform, low-level conjugation of cytotoxins to antitumor antibodies increases their tolerability without compromising efficacy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-884 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-884? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT A new method allows rapid identification of human monoclonal antibodies from immune or vaccinated individuals. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-886 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-886? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:54 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-888 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-888? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:53 GMT The Minimum Information for Biological and Biomedical Investigations (MIBBI) project aims to foster the coordinated development of minimum-information checklists and provide a resource for those exploring the range of extant checklists. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.1411 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.1411? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:53 GMT The expectation maximization algorithm arises in many computational biology applications that involve probabilistic models. What is it good for, and how does it work? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt1406 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt1406? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:53 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-947a Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-947a? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:53 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-947b Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-947b? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:53 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-947c Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-947c? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:53 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-947d Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-947d? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:53 GMT Scientists in newer member countries are learning how to use what the European Union offers. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-949 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-949? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:53 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-952 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0808-952? Thu, 07 Aug 2008 13:53 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.1484 Nature Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.1484? Wed, 06 Aug 2008 18:00 GMT The use of organized competition to evaluate algorithm performance would be very beneficial for small communities, not just large ones. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-659 Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-659? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT Ongoing efforts show promise in replacing reprogramming factors with small molecules for making induced pluripotent stem cells. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-661 Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-661? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT A new protein tag simplifies labeling and visualization of newly synthesized target proteins in tissue and whole animals. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-662a Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-662a? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT Using chemically assembled ubiquitylated histone H2B, researchers demonstrate that direct cross-talk results in methylation of a lysine on another histone. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-662b Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-662b? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-663 Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-663? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT Researchers demonstrate a method for observing intact membrane protein complexes by mass spectrometry. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-664 Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-664? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT Next-generation sequencing–based studies locate nucleosomes at high resolution throughout several genomes. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-666 Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-666? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT By engineering magnetic microstructures, researchers demonstrate the potential for multiplexed MRI. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-668 Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-668? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT Algorithms for analyzing single-particle tracking images to obtain the paths of individual particles are challenged by high-density data. Improvements in algorithms help to overcome these limitations. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-671 Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-671? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT Mass spectrometry instrumentation has made strides in recent years in terms of dynamic range and sensitivity, putting researchers in a better position to use the technology to tackle the challenges of disease biomarker discovery and validation. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-741 Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-741? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-748a Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-748a? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-748b Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0808-748b? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.f.217 Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.f.217? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.f.218 Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.f.218? Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:27 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.1232 Nature Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.1232? Tue, 29 Jul 2008 18:00 GMT In association with the Wellcome Trust, we are pleased to announce the second Genomics of Common Diseases conference to be held September 6–9, 2008, in Cambridge, MA, USA. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-929 Nature Genetics http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-929? Tue, 29 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT Colleen McBride and colleagues argue that progress on a multifaceted research agenda is necessary to reap the full benefits and avoid the potential pitfalls of the emerging area of personalized genomics. They also outline one element of this agenda, the Multiplex Initiative, which has been underway since 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-939 Nature Genetics http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-939? Tue, 29 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-930 Nature Genetics http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-930? Tue, 29 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-937 Nature Genetics http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-937? Tue, 29 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT The linked maternally expressed H19 and paternally expressed Igf2 genes use a CTCF-dependent DNA methylation–sensitive insulator to govern their allele-specific imprinting patterns. Contrary to expectations, a new study shows that the noncoding H19 RNA has a marsupial ortholog and that key features of the locus are similar, indicating that the imprinting regulation of this locus is conserved among therian mammals. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-932 Nature Genetics http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-932? Tue, 29 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT Developmentally regulated expression of the transcriptional repressor Prdm1 (Blimp1) in the early mammalian embryo controls global epigenetic changes required for specification of primordial germ cells. A new study demonstrates that a close family member, Prdm14, similarly activated in response to Bmp and Smad signals, also has an essential role during establishment of the germ cell lineage. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-934 Nature Genetics http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-934? Tue, 29 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT Pervasive genome-wide transcription is widespread in eukaryotic cells, but key features of the transcriptome have yet to be fully characterized. A new study using antibody-based detection of RNA-DNA duplexes on tiling arrays now reveals a complex, strand-specific transcriptional world in fission yeast. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-935 Nature Genetics http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-935? Tue, 29 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT A new study of pigmentation in mice has revealed a surprising link between dark skin and defects in ribosomal proteins. The demonstration that this phenotype is mediated via cell-specific stabilization of p53 suggests insights into the pathogenesis of human diseases such as Diamond-Blackfan anemia caused by similar defects in ribosomal proteins. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-931 Nature Genetics http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-931? Tue, 29 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-1029 Nature Genetics http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-1029? Tue, 29 Jul 2008 06:26 GMT Two new studies in Science and Nature Neuroscience combine functional magnetic resonance imaging and electrical microstimulation to reveal face-selective temporal and frontal areas and their connectivity. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-862 Nature Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-862? Mon, 28 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-855 Nature Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-855? Mon, 28 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) triggers multiple cellular responses to cope with hypoxia. A study in this issue suggests that elevated HIF-1 also causes axon guidance defects under hypoxic conditions. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-859 Nature Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-859? Mon, 28 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT A study uses electrophysiological recordings from primary visual cortex of the monkey to demonstrate that the effects of attention are modulated by task difficulty and that two different neuronal populations mediate this effect. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-861 Nature Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-861? Mon, 28 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT A new study identifies pikachurin, a previously-unknown dystroglycan-binding protein that is critical for the apposition of photoreceptor and bipolar cell dendrites at the ribbon synapse. This work could explain some of the visual defects seen in several muscular dystrophies. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-857 Nature Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-857? Mon, 28 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT As Western universities establish lucrative satellite programs overseas, they promise to draw new parts of the globe into the scientific endeavor. Faculty recruitment, however, emerges as a hurdle on the way to excellence. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-853 Nature Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0808-853? Mon, 28 Jul 2008 06:27 GMT It is currently unknown how some animals maintain such precise temperature sensation. Ramot et al. report that the thermosensory neurons in C. elegans utilize cGMP-dependent signaling machinery to alter ionic current responses and maintain a dynamic range of sensitivity. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.2157 Nature Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.2157? Sat, 26 Jul 2008 18:00 GMT The transcription factor Foxa2, which is key for the hepatic control of glucose metabolism, is now shown in this report to also be crucial for proper bile acid homestasis in the liver, as well as to be misregulated in human cholestatic diseases. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.1853 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.1853? Sat, 26 Jul 2008 18:00 GMT In this article, the authors report that the temporal precision of the reward prediction error signal encoded by midbrain dopamine neurons declines as the delay between a reward predicting stimulus and an expected reward increases. The temporal precision of the neural signal is qualitatively similar to that of anticipatory behavior. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.2159 Nature Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.2159? Sat, 26 Jul 2008 18:00 GMT Direct proof that women with pre-eclampsia develop autoantibodies to the AT1 receptor, which explains the hypertension and other symptoms of the disease, is now provided. Additionally, blocking these autoantibodies or treating with losartin, a drug that targets the AT1 receptor, in a new mouse model of this condition helps ameliorate disease outcome (pages 810–812). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.1856 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.1856? Sat, 26 Jul 2008 18:00 GMT A novel immunization strategy that involves prime-boost vaccination with a recombinant adenovirus-poxvirus vector can induce strong, antigen-specific antibody responses. Antibodies induced by this viral-vector platform against a Plasmodium antigen are effective in vivo and in vitro. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.1850 Nature Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.1850? Sat, 26 Jul 2008 18:00 GMT Isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (Typhi), a human-restricted bacterial pathogen that causes typhoid, show limited genetic variation. Kathryn Holt and colleagues now compare whole-genome sequences of 19 Typhi isolates dispersed throughout the phylogenetic tree of this pathogen, revealing notably little evidence of purifying selection, antigenic variation or recombination between isolates. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.195 Nature Genetics http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.195? Sat, 26 Jul 2008 18:00 GMT Drosophila larvae maintain a very precise ability to sense small environmental temperature differences, influencing thermotactic behavior. Kwon et al. suggest a requirement for TRPA1 activation in mediating this sensitivity, but with channel responses arising from a PLC-based signaling cascade, not by direct thermal activation of the channel. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.2170 Nature Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.2170? Sat, 26 Jul 2008 18:00 GMT Juliane Winkelmann and colleagues report that two common variants in the 5′ UTR of PTPRD are independently associated with restless legs syndrome. PTPRD encodes a receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase previously implicated in axon guidance and motor neuron development. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.190 Nature Genetics http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.190? Sat, 26 Jul 2008 18:00 GMT